I think it’s worth emphasising here: Don’t put it off!
There are millions who can tell you from experience that good intentions count for nothing when it comes to backups.
I’d recommend going and setting up Timeshift right now: https://github.com/linuxmint/timeshift
It’s easy to set up, it takes literally 10 minutes, and if you decide later you want to use something else, you can just uninstall Timeshift and delete its backups. But in the meantime you’ll be protected with backups.
It’s literally the first thing I install on a new system and it’s saved me multiple times from having to do a complete reinstall.
People have already given direct answers, and the indirect answer of ‘set up regular automated backups’ (which everyone should set up right now if they haven’t already), but for the sake of throwing another option out there, people could take a look at ‘trash-cli’: https://github.com/andreafrancia/trash-cli
(P.S. I know OP might not have actually deleted the files with ‘rm’, but this addresses a broadly similar issue.)