You could definitely do clever things to obfuscate what you’re doing, but it’s much easier to replicate building the image as there are no external dependencies, if you have docker installed then you can build any docker image

When you make a docker image and push it to dockerhub all of the instructions it took appear there so it’s very transparent, also super easy for any person to build it themselves unlike executables, just download the Dockerfile and run a single command

Besides the obvious of telling your users to build the exe, have you considered alternative distribution methods like docker?